Full Answer
criminal lawyer. noun. : a lawyer who specializes in criminal law especially : a lawyer who represents defendants in criminal cases.
A person is called the Accused up to and throughout a trial until the charges have been dealt with and the matter is concluded. a government-appointed, impartial person who considers the arguments presented during a formal legal proceeding and decides the outcome of the matter.
In criminal law, a person who is charged with an offence under the Criminal Code is called the Accused. A person is called the Accused up to and throughout a trial until the charges have been dealt with and the matter is concluded.
A lawyer or attorney is a person who practices law, as an advocate, attorney, attorney at law, barrister, barrister-at-law, bar-at-law, canonist, canon lawyer, civil law notary, counsel, counselor, counsellor, solicitor, legal executive, or public servant preparing, interpreting and applying law,...
Prosecutor: Also called the state's attorney. Represents the state in a criminal case against a defendant.
Defense Attorney: the lawyer who represents the defendant in legal proceedings. Victims are usually not required to speak with defense attorneys except in court, but may do so if they choose.
A public defender is a lawyer appointed to represent people who otherwise cannot reasonably afford to hire a lawyer to defend themselves in a trial.
The best-known power of the Supreme Court is judicial review, or the ability of the Court to declare a Legislative or Executive act in violation of the Constitution, is not found within the text of the Constitution itself. The Court established this doctrine in the case of Marbury v. Madison (1803).
prosecutor. noun [ C ] /ˈprɑs·ɪˌkjut̬·ər/ a legal representative who officially accuses someone of committing a crime by bringing a case against that person in a court of law: Federal prosecutors intend to retry the case.
In a criminal trial, a defendant is a person accused (charged) of committing an offense (a crime; an act defined as punishable under criminal law). The other party to a criminal trial is usually a public prosecutor, but in some jurisdictions, private prosecutions are allowed.
What is another word for public defender?attorneylawyernotarydefenderpublic prosecutorprocuratorproctorprofessional pleaderjuristtrial lawyer34 more rows
The party who appeals a lower court's decision in a higher court. The appellant seeks reversal or modification of the decision. By contrast, the appellee is the party against whom the appeal is filed.
Federalism is a system of government in which the same territory is controlled by two levels of government. Generally, an overarching national government is responsible for broader governance of larger territorial areas, while the smaller subdivisions, states, and cities govern the issues of local concern.
Judicial power is the power “of a court to decide and pronounce a judgment and carry it into effect between persons and parties who bring a case before it for decision.” 139 It is “the right to determine actual controversies arising between diverse litigants, duly instituted in courts of proper jurisdiction.” 140 The ...
Other relevant words (noun): inquest, appeal.
Before issuing a ruling, the Supreme Court usually hears oral arguments, where the various parties to the suit present their arguments and the Justices ask them questions. If the case involves the federal government, the Solicitor General of the United States presents arguments on behalf of the United States.
Accused. In criminal law, a person who is charged with an offence under the Criminal Code is called the Accused. A person is called the Accused up to and throughout a trial until the charges have been dealt with and the matter is concluded.
a government-appointed, impartial decision maker who presides over court proceedings. Judges, either on their own or as part of a panel, consider the law and facts to make decisions about the parties’ rights and interests. Judges are also responsible for making the proceedings fair and as efficient as possible, and for ensuring the parties and others in the courtroom follow specific rules and procedures.
Common law can evolve to reflect changes in society, and can help a decision maker know how to apply legislation. Lower courts must follow the decisions of higher courts in their province or territory. All Canadian courts must follow the decisions of the Supreme Court of Canada.
In Ontario, this body is called the Law Society of Upper Canada.
a request for a court to formally review the decision made by a tribunal or board . Depending on the circumstances, a court may be able to examine whether the decision was unfair, or made mistakes in law or fact , and may send the decision back to the original decision maker to decide the case again, without the original error.
Bill. a written law in draft form that is put forward in the government by a Member of the federal Parliament or a Member of a provincial or territorial legislature. The draft must go through a voting process to become law. A Bill may be passed or voted down, with or without changes during the voting process.
Appeal. a request to formally review a decision made by a tribunal or court which is generally made to a higher level court. To go forward, an appeal may have to argue that there was a mistake in the law or facts that the decision was based on. Not every decision can be appealed.
The plaintiff initially decides where to bring the suit, but in some cases, the defendant can seek to change the court. (2) The geographic area over which the court has authority to decide cases. A federal court in one state, for example, can usually only decide a case that arose from actions in that state.
bail - Security given for the release of a criminal defendant or witness from legal custody (usually in the form of money) to secure his/her appearance on the day and time appointed.
Federal criminal juries consist of 12 persons. Federal civil juries consist of six persons. plaintiff - The person who files the complaint in a civil lawsuit. plea - In a criminal case, the defendant's statement pleading "guilty" or "not guilty" in answer to the charges in open court.
To make such a request is "to appeal" or "to take an appeal.". Both the plaintiff and the defendant can appeal, and the party doing so is called the appellant. Appeals can be made for a variety of reasons including improper procedure and asking the court to change its interpretation of the law.
appellate - About appeals; an appellate court has the power to review the judgment of another lower court or tribunal. arraignment - A proceeding in which an individual who is accused of committing a crime is brought into court, told of the charges, and asked to plead guilty or not guilty.
charge to the jury - The judge's instructions to the jury concerning the law that applies to the facts of the case on trial. chief judge - The judge who has primary responsibility for the administration of a court. The chief judge also decides cases, and the choice of chief judges is determined by seniority.
capital offense - A crime punishable by death. In the federal system, it applies to crimes such as first degree murder, genocide, and treason. case law - The use of court decisions to determine how other law (such as statutes) should apply in a given situation.
The party who appeals a district court's decision, usually seeking reversal of that decision. Appellate. About appeals; an appellate court has the power to review the judgment of a lower court (trial court) or tribunal. For example, the U.S. circuit courts of appeals review the decisions of the U.S. district courts. Appellee.
The party who opposes an appellant's appeal, and who seeks to persuade the appeals court to affirm the district court's decision. Arraignment. A proceeding in which a criminal defendant is brought into court, told of the charges in an indictment or information, and asked to plead guilty or not guilty.
Bankruptcy code. The informal name for title 11 of the United States Code (11 U.S.C. §§ 101-1330), the federal bankruptcy law. Bankruptcy court. The bankruptcy judges in regular active service in each district; a unit of the district court. Bankruptcy estate.
Amicus curiae. Latin for "friend of the court.". It is advice formally offered to the court in a brief filed by an entity interested in, but not a party to, the case. Answer. The formal written statement by a defendant in a civil case that responds to a complaint, articulating the grounds for defense. Appeal.
Admissible. A term used to describe evidence that may be considered by a jury or judge in civil and criminal cases. Adversary proceeding. A lawsuit arising in or related to a bankruptcy case that begins by filing a complaint with the court, that is, a "trial" that takes place within the context of a bankruptcy case.
Equitable. Pertaining to civil suits in "equity" rather than in "law.". In English legal history, the courts of "law" could order the payment of damages and could afford no other remedy (see damages). A separate court of "equity" could order someone to do something or to cease to do something (e.g., injunction).
A lawsuit in which one or more members of a large group, or class, of individuals or other entities sue on behalf of the entire class. The district court must find that the claims of the class members contain questions of law or fact in common before the lawsuit can proceed as a class action. Clerk of court.
Accused. A person or persons formally charged but not yet tried for a crime. Acquittal. A legal judgment, based on the decision to either a jury or a judge, that an accused is not guilty of the crime for which he or she has been charged or tried. Admissible Evidence.
Felony. A felony is a serious criminal offense, usually punishable by a prison term or, in some cases, by death. Felonies are considered more severe than misdemeanors. Murder, extortion and kidnapping are some examples of felonies. Felonies are classified as 1st degree, 2nd degree, 3rd degree or capital felonies.
Bail / Bond. The money or property given to the court as security when an accused person is released before and during a trial with the agreement that the defendant will return to court when ordered to do so. Bail is forfeited if the defendant fails to return to court. Bench Trial.
Brief. A written argument by counsel arguing a case, which contains a summary of the facts of the case, pertinent laws, and an argument of how the law applies to the fact situation. Also called a memorandum of law. Cause of Action. One or more related charges combined and made against a defendant for wrongs committed.
Admission. Confession of a charge, an error, or a crime; acknowledgment. Aggravated Assault. An attempt to cause serious bodily injury to another or purposely, knowingly or recklessly causing such injury, or an attempt to cause or purposely or knowingly cause bodily injury to another with a deadly weapon.
Grand Jury. A body of persons with the authority to investigate and accuse, but not to try cases. The grand jury will listen to and review evidence to see if it there are sufficient grounds to bring an individual to trial. Hearing. This is a legal proceeding (not a trial) held before a judge or administrative body.
Declaration under Penalty of Perjury. A signed statement, sworn to be true by the signer, that will make the signer guilty of the crime of perjury if the statement is shown to be materially false — meaning, the lie is relevant and significant to the case. Deferred Sentence.