who was the indian lawyer that believed in civil disobedience and non-violence are living things

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What was the Civil Disobedience Movement in India?

Civil Disobedience Movement in India was the 2nd mass movement that was organized under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi, after the Non-Cooperation Movement of 1921-22. Gandhiji along with his 78 volunteers undertook the famous Dandi March from Sabarmati Ashram to the coast of Dandi in March-April 1930 and broke the salt law.

How did people like Mahatma Gandhi utilize civil disobedience and non-violent protesting?

People like Mahatma Gandhi have utilized civil disobedience and non-violent protesting to fight for Indian independence from British rule and for the rights of the Indian poor. Mahatma Gandhi called this Satyagraha.

What is the history of civil disobedience and non-violent protesting?

Civil disobedience and non-violent protesting has been apart of human history for hundreds, if not thousands of years. People like Mahatma Gandhi have utilized civil disobedience and non-violent protesting to fight for Indian independence from British rule and for the rights of the Indian poor. Mahatma Gandhi called this Satyagraha.

What was Gandhi first act of civil disobedience?

Gandhi’s first act of civil disobedience. Known as Mahatma, or “the great soul,” during his lifetime, Gandhi’s persuasive methods of civil disobedience influenced leaders of civil rights movements around the world, especially Martin Luther King, Jr., in the United States.

What Indian leader advocated non violence and civil disobedience?

The life and leadership of Mahatma Gandhi Gandhi, who helped lead India to independence, has been the inspiration for non-violent movements for civil rights and social change across the world.

Who brought about Indian independence with a policy of non violence and civil disobedience?

On March 12, 1930, Indian independence leader Mohandas Gandhi begins a defiant march to the sea in protest of the British monopoly on salt, his boldest act of civil disobedience yet against British rule in India.

Who is the famous nonviolent Indian activist?

Mohandas Karamchand GandhiRevered the world over for his nonviolent philosophy of passive resistance, Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi was known to his many followers as Mahatma, or “the great-souled one.” He began his activism as an Indian immigrant in South Africa in the early 1900s, and in the years following World War I became the leading figure ...

What is the name of the influential Indian who is known for his civil disobedience and protests against the British and violence?

Mahatma GandhiHe was Mahatma Gandhi, and he remains one of the most revered figures in modern history. Born Mohandas Gandhi in Gujarat, India in 1869, he was part of an elite family.

Who is famous for civil disobedience?

Mahatma Gandhi left his ashram in Sabarmati on 12 March 1930 with 78 followers, to be joined by tens of thousands of others along the 240 mile march to the Arabian Sea. By lifting salt from the ground in the coastal town of Dandi on 6th April, he openly defied British law.

Who was the non-violent freedom fighter in India?

Mohandas Gandhi'sMohandas Gandhi's reputation as the Indian spiritual and political leader who coordinated and led a successful national struggle for independence against British imperial rule on the strength of a non-violent movement survives largely intact.

Who started nonviolent protest?

Civil rights movement hero, Martin Luther King, Jr. is honored with a holiday on the third Monday in January. He would have been 93 years old this month but was murdered in 1968 at the age of 39. King led a movement of non-violent, peaceful protests to fight racial injustice in the United States.

What did Gandhi believe about non violence?

Gandhi called it "satyagraha" which means 'truth force. ' In this doctrine the aim of any non-violent conflict was to convert the opponent; to win over his mind and his heart and pursuade him to your point of view.

What is the full name of Gandhi?

Mohandas Karamchand GandhiMahatma Gandhi / Full nameMohandas Karamchand Gandhi was born in Porbandar, a town in Gujarat in western India on 2 October 1869.

Who called the dropping of civil disobedience by Gandhiji as a national calamity?

Subhas Chandra Bose called the dropping of 'Civil Disobedience Movement' by Gandhiji as a “National calamity”. 20.

What is Civil Disobedience Movement class 8?

Gandhiji decided to launch Civil Disobedience Movement to cancel unjust tax on salt and to end the monopoly of the British Government to manufacture of salt. Salt, an important ingredient in the food of common people, was chosen by Gandhiji. On 12th March 1930 he set out from Sabarmati ashram with his 7 followers.

What is Civil Disobedience Movement India Class 10?

Hint: The Civil disobedience movement was one of the Indian National Movement when people started protesting against the British government because of their harsh policies and rules.

What does Gandhi say about non-violence?

“An eye for an eye makes the whole world blind” (Mahatma Gandhi), welcome to the world of non-violence, where people come to escape the death and destruction. Many people believe that violence is the only way to achieve peace; that death and destruction is the only way to pave the way to the grassy green Elysium. Many prominent political figures have spoken out against this violence; among them are Gandhi, and Martin Luther King Jr. Instead of choosing physical brutality, they chose to follow difficult, winding paths full of powerful speeches, civil disobedience, and peaceful protests that showed others that violence isn’t always the answer. There is a controversy about the precise meaning of nonviolence.

What was Mohandas Gandhi's main goal?

Mohandas Gandhi was a “key figure in the Indian struggle for independence.” He worked to use nonviolent ways to fight for equality and change in India. Gandhi was able to unite many groups and “inspired the common people of India to work for change.” In addition, Gandhi advocated using a more traditional approach (Wadley 202). Although Mohandas Gandhi 's satyagraha campaign caused violence, his advocacy for those who were discriminated against in Indian society led to the initial unification of India to gain independence from Great Britain. Gandhi’s attempt to peacefully fight for independence still left a considerable amount of violence during protests. Gandhi advocated for oppressed or mistreated groups, such as untouchables, women, and those

Why did Gandhi have enough followers?

Gandhi had enough followers to overthrow British rule, this is why his tactics worked. There were more indian protestors than there were people of Great Britain to enforce the laws, and India would not be able to continue generally speaking if the people were protesting to all unjust laws.

Why does Thoreau say "declare war with the state"?

He even goes as far to “declare war with the State…” because “ [he does] not care the course of [his] dollar... till it buys a man, or a musket to shoot one with.” (Thoreau 1869). When he was bailed out of jail he “saw to what extent the people among whom [he] lived could be trusted as good neighbors and friends” (Thoreau 1868) and was disappointed that they did not endeavor to cause political change. He asks the public to consider whether they “shall be content to obey them, or shall endeavor to amend them, and obey them until they have succeeded, or shall they transgress them at once” because “unjust laws exist” and it is the individuals duty to protest them (Thoreau

Who led the Civil Disobedience Movement?

Civil Disobedience Movement in India was the 2nd mass movement that was organized under the leadership of Mahatma Gandhi, after the Non-Cooperation Movement of 1921-22. Gandhiji along with his 78 volunteers undertook the famous Dandi March from Sabarmati Ashram to the coast of Dandi in March-April 1930 and broke the salt law.

What happened after the non-cooperation movement was suspended?

After the Non-Cooperation Movement was suspended in February 1922 due to violence that took place at Chauri Chaura, the Indian National Congress saw the emergence of two opposing factions. One of the factions wanted to enter the legislative councils to hinder the working of the British Indian govt. from within, while the other faction wanted to continue the non-cooperation and pressed for more radical mass agitations. The former faction led by Motilal Nehru and C.R Das formed a separate party within the Congress, called Swaraj Party or Congress-Khilafat Swarajya party. Both factions in their own capacities carried out the struggle for the years to come until the Simon Commission and Great Depression of the 1930s that brought things to a boil, ultimately leading to the Civil Disobedience Movement in India

What was the Swaraj party called?

The former faction led by Motilal Nehru and C.R Das formed a separate party within the Congress, called Swaraj Party or Congress-Khilafat Swarajya party. Both factions in their own capacities carried out the struggle for the years to come until the Simon Commission and Great Depression of the 1930s that brought things to a boil, ...

What were the demands of Mahatma Gandhi?

The most stirring of all was the demand to abolish the salt tax.

Did industrial workers participate in the Civil Disobedience Movement?

Industrial workers: The industrial working classes did not participate in the Civil Disobedience Movement in large numbers, except in the Nagpur region and the strikes by railway workers in 1930 and dockworkers in 1932. As the industrialists came closer to the Congress, workers stayed aloof.

Who started civil disobedience?

The Congress Working Committee authorised Gandhiji to start Civil Disobedience and when he thought it proper.

What was the goal of the Civil Disobedience Movement in India?

It was to be, “Complete freedom from British dominion and British imperialism. The embrace of British India is a dangerous thing”.

What did the jubilant mob shout at the Gandhi Zindabad march?

Villagers came from distant places to see the march. Roads were decorated with flowers and flags. The jubilant mob shouted slogans “Mahatma Gandhi Zindabad”. These activities exposed the character of the Indians and their involvement in the movement that alarmed the imperialistic Government.

What was Gandhi's resolution on Purna Swaraj?

To that anxious gathering of the session, Gandhi held out the immediate prospect of a Civil Disobedience Movement. This resolution was passed by the Congress on that day without any opposition.

What did Gandhi do in 1930?

On 9th April 1930, Gandhi prepared a programme for the movement and instructed the people to manufacture contraband salt in every village and picket in front of liquor and opium shops. Students were asked to leave Government schools and colleges. Employees were requested to resign their services.

What was the significance of the boycott of the Working Committee?

Boycott of the Working Committee encouraged social boycott of Indians who supported the British. The movement all through remained non-violent. The heroism of the Satyagrahis and the brutality of the Government reached their climax when the Satyagrahis raided the salt depot of Dharsana in the Surat district.

What did Lord Irwin believe about the resolution?

The Viceroy Lord Irwin came to believe that the resolution would result in a revolutionary violence. Consequent upon the situation the Secretary of State advised the Viceroy to resist the temptation of taking any action in any part of India on the mass rather to pick responsible leaders and deal with them.

Who led the agitation in Malabar?

In Malabar, K. Kelappan led a march from Calicut to Poyannur. In Assam, A powerful agitation was organised against the infamous 'Cunningham circular' which forced parents, guardians and students to furnish assurances of good behaviour.

What was the second phase of civil disobedience?

But government arrested all top leaders of the congress. The draconian ordinances passed were to establish martial law.

How did Gandhiji start the boycott?

Gandhiji started the program by marching with his followers from Ahmadabad to Dandi to break the salt tax. Gandhiji even asked women to participate in the movement by picketing in front of liquor shops. Boycott on foreign cloth was strictly followed even by mill owners.

Why did Gandhiji attend the second round table conference?

Gandhiji went to attend the second round table conference in London. The British political opinion was against giving any concessions to India. The government had handpicked communalists, careerist, landlord, bureaucrats for the round table conference. It wanted to show that congress didn’t represent majority.

What was the Karachi session known for?

The Karachi session in 1931 was known for the drafting of the fundamental rights and the national economic program. This was for the first time that congress decided what Swaraj meant for the masses.

What was Gandhi's ultimatum?

The demands were as follows. Reduce expenditure on Army and civil services by 50 per cent. Introduce total prohibition.

What was the two stage debate on the future strategy of the Nationalists?

There was a two-stage debate on the future strategy of the nationalists— firstly, what course the national movement should take in the immediate future, i.e., during the phase of non mass struggle (1934-35), and secondly, in 1937, over the question of office acceptance in the context of provincial elections held under the autonomy provisions of the Government of India Act, 1935.

What was Gandhi's message to the Indian people?

This is the context in which Mohandas Gandhi (usually called Mahatma out of respect) emerged to lead the Indian nationalist movement, which he rallied with a message of peaceful non-cooperation and non-violent resistance. Nonetheless, the more violent anti-colonial organisations formed in the years before and after World War I influenced both anti-colonial politics and imperial security right up until India’s independence and partition in 1947.

What was the story of India's journey to independence from British rule?

The popular view of India’s journey to independence from British rule is the famous story of Mohandas Gandhi’s extraordinary campaign of non-violent protest. It is a heritage still marked today during international state visits. But there was another, often forgotten – and much less peaceful – side to the struggle for Indian independence.

What was the raid on the Andamans?

It was timed to coincide with another planned uprising in Burma, then still a part of British India, and a raid on the prison islands of the Andamans, in which incarcerated radicals would be liberated to take up arms against the British.

How did British rule India?

British colonial rule in India had been established through a series of wars fought across the subcontinent from the mid-18th century onwards. It was bloody and gradual, and rested on a thin foundation of coercion and military dominance. This was made painfully clear by the uprising of 1857, in which a series of rebellions erupted ...

Who led the Revolutionaries to mutiny?

Led by Rash Behari Bose, a veteran revolutionary who had personally attempted to assassinate the Viceroy of India in 1912, the revolutionaries tried to convince the Indian Army to mutiny by disseminating propaganda in Lahore, Rawalpindi, and Meerut.

Who was the officer who was killed by the bubonic plague?

In 1897, two brothers assassinated WC Rand, a civil service officer responsible for dealing with an outbreak of bubonic plague in the city of Pune, whose measures of forced home entry, bodily examinations and segregation were considered extremely heavy-handed.

Did India's revolutionary organisations vanish after World War I?

India’s revolutionary organisations did not vanish after World War I. As the war measures expired, the colonial government implemented the 1919 Rowlatt Act in an effort to extend executive powers into the postwar period.

What Was The Civil Disobedience Movement (CDM) and When Did It Take place?

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What Were The Events/Reasons Leading to Civil Disobedience Movement in India?

What Were The Demands Made Under CDM?

Spread of Civil Disobedience Movement (CDM) and Participants