the naacp lawyer who became known as "mr. civil rights" was

What did WEB Dubois advocate for quizlet?

During the Progressive Era, he emerged as the most influential advocate of full political, economic, and social equality for Black Americans. He founded the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) in 1909.

What is the name of the disc jockey who popularized rock and roll?

Alan Freed (centre, headphones), who popularized the term rock and roll as a disc jockey in Cleveland, performing a live remote broadcast.

How did the Truman administration try to help Europe recover from the devastation of World War II?

On April 3, 1948, President Harry S. Truman signs the Economic Assistance Act, which authorized the creation of a program that would help the nations of Europe recover and rebuild after the devastation wrought by World War II.

Which of Truman's domestic agenda was rejected by Congress?

Most of the Fair Deal was rejected by Congress. The only part of it that became law was the Housing Act of 1949, which increased the construction of public housing and government involvement in the mortgage process.

What was Alan Freed known for?

Perhaps best known for coining the phrase "rock 'n' roll," deejay/show promoter Alan Freed played an important role in the development an aesthetic for the newly emerging genre. For example, he steadfastly refused to play cover versions of rhythm and blues originals on his radio programs in the 1950s.

Who was the first rock and roll artist to cultivate the wild man persona?

Richard Wayne “Little Richard” Penniman has died. The musician, known for his wild vocals, original persona, and unbridled enthusiasm onstage, was 87.

Why did President Truman give 13 billion aid?

The US government feared that a hungry, devastated Europe might turn to communism (as China would do in 1949). To stabilize the European economy, US Secretary of State George C. Marshall proposed a plan to provide Europe with $13 billion in economic aid.

Which president established a policy that was named after him and that declared the United States would help any nation resist communism?

With the Truman Doctrine, President Harry S. Truman established that the United States would provide political, military and economic assistance to all democratic nations under threat from external or internal authoritarian forces.

What did Truman say Marshall aid could not be used for?

The Truman Doctrine essentially meant giving money and weapons to enemies of the USSR. The Marshall Plan was an attempt to get all of Europe in debt to the USA and allow the Americans to dominate it. The American view was that the Truman Doctrine was stopping the continuing spread of Communism.

What obstacle did Harry Truman face when he assumed the presidency following the death of Franklin Roosevelt in April 1945?

What obstacle did Harry Truman face when he assumed the presidency following the death of Franklin Roosevelt in April 1945? Harry Truman had absolutely no experience in foreign policy, the most important qualification at this point in American history.

What did Harry Truman do?

He was responsible for two major pieces of legislation: the Civil Aeronautics Act of 1938, establishing government regulation of the aviation industry, and the Wheeler-Truman Transportation Act of 1940, providing government oversight of railroad reorganization.

How did Truman and Eisenhower differ regarding civil rights?

Truman took action. He integrated the military, appointed a committee on civil rights, and had the 1948 Democratic Party's platform emphasize civil rights. Eisenhower did not believe that the federal government had a role to play in desegregation, but he did uphold existing laws.

Who were the two principal officers of the NAACP?

Thurgood Marshall poses with the two principal officers of the NAACP: Walter White, the national secretary, center, and Roy Wilkins, the assistant national secretary.

When did Thurgood Marshall join the NAACP?

Thurgood Marshall moved to New York and joined the NAACP legal staff in 1936.

Who was the African American student who sued the University of Maryland?

Soon after graduating from law school, Thurgood Marshall took the case of Donald Gaines Murray, an African American student seeking admission to the University of Maryland School of Law. This case went to the state Supreme Court and successfully challenged segregated education in Maryland. Shown here are Marshall, Don ald Gaines Murray, and Charles Houston during the 1933 suit against the University of Maryland.

Where did Thurgood Marshall go to law school?

Thurgood Marshall grew up in a nurturing African American community in segregated Baltimore. After graduating from all-black Lincoln University in Pennsylvania, he enrolled in Howard University’s law school. In 1934 he began practicing law in his hometown and immediately was drawn into the local civil rights movement.

Who was the chief of the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund?

Soon after, Marshall joined Houston at NAACP as a staff lawyer. In 1940, he was named chief of the NAACP Legal Defense and Educational Fund, which was created to mount a legal assault against segregation. Marshall became one of the nation's leading attorneys.

Who was the first black justice?

Four years later, President Lyndon B. Johnson named Marshall U.S. solicitor general and on Aug. 30, 1967, Marshall was confirmed by the U.S. Senate and joined the U.S. Supreme Court, becoming the first Black justice.

What did Marshall do for the Supreme Court?

During his nearly 25-year tenure on the Supreme Court, Marshall fought for affirmative action for minorities, held strong against the death penalty, and supported of a woman's right to choose if an abortion was appropriate for her.

What was the impact of Marshall's rule on the Supreme Court?

His mission was equal justice for all. Marshall used the power of the courts to fight racism and discrimination, tear down Jim Crow segregation, change the status quo, and make life better for the most vulnerable in our nation.

What was Marshall's most famous case?

Marshall's most famous case was the landmark 1954 Brown v. Board of Education case in which Supreme Court Chief Justice Earl Warren noted, "in the field of public education, the doctrine of 'separate but equal' has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal.".

Who was the first black supreme court justice?

Thurgood Marshall. Thurgood Marshall was a civil rights lawyer who used the courts to fight Jim Crow and dismantle segregation in the U.S. Marshall was a towering figure who became the nation's first Black United States Supreme Court Justice.

Where did Marshall go to law school?

A native of Baltimore, Maryland, Marshall graduated from Lincoln University in Pennsylvania in 1930. He applied to the University of Maryland Law School but was rejected because he was Black. Marshall received his law degree from Howard University Law School in 1933, graduating first in his class.

Who was the NAACP leader in the 1930s?

In the 1930s, Marshall’s legal mentor and NAACP colleague Charles Hamilton Houston had warned the association against overreach, saying, “Don’t shout too soon.” Under Houston’s steady leadership, the NAACP enacted a careful case-by-case, year-over-year strategy to undermine the doctrine of separate but equal established by the Supreme Court’s 1896 Plessy v. Ferguson decision. Under this gradualist approach, the NAACP pursued litigation that could clearly demonstrate that separate educational resources for Black students were unequal to those of whites. Houston’s blueprint had pushed at Plessy’s edges rather than trying to overturn it, however. Association attorneys argued for equal resources rather than attempt to abolish segregation outright.

Who was the chief counsel of the NAACP?

Thurgood Marshall gives a press conference in his role as chief counsel for the NAACP, 1955. Everett Collection Historical/Alamy Stock Photo. In the country’s history, no one had ever filed a case directly challenging public school segregation.

What would happen if the NAACP lost Plessy v Ferguson?

If the NAACP were to lose this appeal before the highest court in the land, Plessy v. Ferguson would be reaffirmed and decades of dogged, meticulous work would be lost. It might be decades more before there would be another opportunity to challenge segregation head on. Marshall was conflicted, but decided to move forward with Waring’s plan. Briggs v. Elliott would now be heard before a three-judge panel including Waring.

What case was the first to end segregation in schools?

Before Brown v. Board of Education, there was Briggs v. Elliot —the case that launched Thurgood Marshall’s fight to end segregation in America’s schools.

Why was Clarendon County important to Marshall?

To Marshall, Clarendon County was a perfect opportunity to litigate for equal facilities, transportation and other resources for the county’s Black children. But it would be foolhardy to push for full desegregation. Marshall knew how slim the odds were of victory in South Carolina.

Who was the lawyer who faced the question of whether to continue to play the long game?

Source photo: Library of Congress. In May 1950, lawyer Thurgood Marshall faced a question that confronts so many activists in pursuit of a goal: Should they continue to play the long game, pressing for incremental social change, or has the time come to attempt a big leap forward, despite the risks?

Was Marshall a pragmatist?

At 42, Marshall was a pragmatist with hard-won knowledge of America’s judicial system. He was on the lookout for a case outside of the deep South, where NAACP lawyers had better chances for success with more open-minded judges and juries. But in the meantime there was Clarendon County, South Carolina.

Who abducted the boy in the middle of the night?

Emmett Till. -made a remark to the white woman behind the counter. -A few days later, the husband and brother-in-law of the woman came to the home of Till's relatives in the middle of the night and abducted the boy. Till's beaten and mutilated body was found in a nearby river three days later.

What was the Serviceman's Readjustment Act?

Serviceman's Readjustment Act, a program that gave substantial benefits to those who served in World War II

Who was the leader of the Chinese Communist Party in 1949?

On October 1, 1949, Chinese Communist Party leader Mao Zedong announced the triumph of the Chinese Communists over their Nationalist foes in a civil war that had been raging since 1927. -The Nationalist forces, under their leader Chiang Kai-shek, departed for Taiwan in December 1949. Joseph McCarthy.