common law retaining lien in florida by lawyer who breached his fiduciary duty

by Randi Flatley III 5 min read

If you are a beneficiary and believe that the Executor, Personal Representative or Administrator of the estate has committed a Breach of Fiduciary Duty you have the right to retain an Estate Litigation Attorney to obtain a court order forcing the fiduciary to provide a full accounting.

Full Answer

Can a former Attorney file a retaining lien on a case?

Feb 26, 2007 · Florida common law recognizes two types of attorney’s liens: the charging lien and the retaining lien. The charging lien may be asserted when a client owes the attorney for fees or costs in connection with a specific matter in which a suit has been filed. To impose a charging lien, the attorney must show: (1) a contract between attorney and client; (2) an understanding …

What are attorney liens and charging liens?

In essence, a retaining lien is a way for your former attorney to hold your file hostage until he receives payment or an assurance that he will be paid out of the settlement or award received in your case. A retaining lien is subject to the limitations discussed in Part 2, and is vastly limited in contingency fee arrangements.

Can fiduciary duty be imposed unilaterally in Florida?

Basic Fiduciary Duties Under Florida law, directors oversee the management of the business and affairs of the corporation, 1 and their actions are governed by a mixture of statutory and common law principles. 2 The directors owe a fiduciary duty to the corporation and its shareholders, 3 which is generally expressed in terms of good faith, 4 ...

What is a fiduciary relationship between an attorney and a client?

Mar 23, 2021 · Florida common law recognizes two types of attorney’s liens: the charging lien and the retaining lien. The charging lien may be asserted when a client owes the lawyer for fees or costs in connection with a specific matter in which a suit has been filed. To impose a charging lien, the lawyer must show: (1) a contract between lawyer and client ...

Is breach of fiduciary duty a crime Florida?

When a fiduciary commits a breach, the offense can result in civil liability which would allow the plaintiff or principal to sue for monetary damages. If the fiduciary committed a criminal act as well, he or she could be charged in criminal court and be sued by the principal for monetary damages.Aug 9, 2021

What is breach of fiduciary duty in Florida?

According to Florida litigation law, a fiduciary duty exists whenever a person places confidence or trust in another person regarding a particular transaction or in financial affairs. A breach of fiduciary duty occurs under the following conditions: A fiduciary relationship is established. A breach of that duty is ...

What is a retainer lien?

The retaining lien is the right of the attorney to retain the funds, documents, and papers of his client which have lawfully come into his possession until his lawful fees and disbursements have been paid and to apply such funds to the satisfaction thereof.

Is breach of fiduciary duty an intentional tort Florida?

A breach of a fiduciary duty is classified as an intentional tort. As such, only civil claims can be brought under this cause of action. Depending on the grievances committed, a defendant may also be subject criminal charges as a result of their breach.

What constitutes a breach of fiduciary duty?

A breach of fiduciary duty occurs when a principal fails to act responsibly in the best interests of a client. The consequences of a breach of fiduciary duty are multiple. They can range from reputation damage to loss of a license and monetary penalties.

Is breach of fiduciary duty a tort?

As such, there is no tort of inducing or knowingly assisting in a breach of fiduciary duty. While corporate fiduciaries may be liable for breaches of their fiduciary duties, remedies for breach arise from equity, not the common law.Jan 5, 2022

What is a charging lien in Florida?

Florida common law recognizes two types of attorney's liens: the charging lien and the retaining lien. The charging lien may be asserted when a client owes the attorney for fees or costs in connection with a specific matter in which a suit has been filed.Jun 28, 2021

What is Champertous contract?

A champertous contract is defined as a contract between a stranger and a party to a lawsuit, whereby the stranger pursues the party's claim in consideration of receiving part or any of the proceeds recovered under the judgment; a bargain by a stranger with a party to a suit, by which such third person undertakes to ...Feb 10, 2009

What is lien law?

A security interest or legal right acquired in one's property by a creditor. A lien generally stays in effect until the underlying obligation to the creditor is satisfied. If the underlying obligation is not satisfied, the creditor may be able to take possession of the property involved.

Why did the NY firm oppose a subpoena to turn over its files in connection with contested

As reported in Politician’s Heirs Snare Thelen Reid in Complex Estate Battle, a New York firm successfully opposed a subpoena to turn over its files in connection with contested probate proceedings in Texas because the estate hadn’t paid its bills. The basis of the New York firm’s retaining lien was described as follows in the linked-to piece:

Does Florida have a retaining lien?

Florida law also recognizes an attorney’s right to a retaining lien over client files when bills go unpaid. Here’s how Florida Bar Ethics Opinion 88-11 summarized Florida law on this point:

Other Articles in Professional Services Industry Legal Blog

Part III: What Documents Matter Most In Determining Share Value in a Buyout? An Analysis of Key Documents and Why They Matter

Does a Fiduciary Relationship Exist?

When evaluating whether the claim applies to an oppressed Florida LLC member, the first step is to determine whether a fiduciary relationship exists. Corporate officers, controlling a corporation through ownership of a majority of its stock, have a fiduciary relationship with minority stockholders. Snead v. United States Trucking Corp., 380 So.

Breach of Fiduciary Duty

Next, the oppressed member must outline what constitutes breach of that fiduciary duty. In other words, what does the duty encompass in the context of controlling members and managers of an LLC? A majority shareholder breaches his fiduciary duty by taking a personal benefit or advantage not also enjoyed by minority shareholders . Cohen v.

Making Distributions

In the context of managing an LLC, allowing distributions that render the company insolvent is a breach of fiduciary duty. Official Comm. of Unsecured Creditors of Toy King Distribs. v. Liberty Sav. Bank, FSB (In re Toy King Distribs.), 256 B.R. 1, 167 (Bankr. M.D. Fla. 2000).

Calculating Damages

Under Florida law, a member of an LLC may bring a breach of fiduciary duty claim for money damages against another member or managing member for wrongfully retaining revenues and profits of the LLC. Foster-Thompson, LLC v. Thompson, 2007 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 43206, 2007 WL 1725198, at *26 (M.D. Fla. June 14, 2007); Merovich, 911 So.2d at 128.

Conclusion

While the parameters of the fiduciary relationship within an LLC may often be undefinable, the relationship itself is likely created when a majority member or manager exerts discretionary power over the interests of minority members.

What happens if my former attorney files a retaining lien?

If your case might be damaged by the retaining lien or if the attorney’s claimed fees and costs are unreasonable, you may be able to defeat the lien.

What is a retaining lien?

In essence, a retaining lien is a way for your former attorney to hold your file hostage until he receives payment or an assurance that he will be paid out of the settlement or award received in your case.

What is attorney lien?

Attorney liens are the ultimate sign of a broken relationship between attorney and client. Part 1 discussed what an attorney lien is and Part 2 highlighted the requirements and limitations of an attorney lien.

What is considered your attorney's property in Florida?

In Florida, the case file your attorney builds as he works on your case – containing your attorney’s notes, investigation reports, expert opinion summaries, and other potential evidence vital to your case – is considered to be your attorney’s property.

Can an attorney retain a case if a contingency fee is paid?

If your contingency fee contract dictates that your attorney must pay for the costs and expenses of the litigation unless and until your case returns with a settlement or favorable verdict, he cannot retain your file, since he would have no right to payment until the contingency (the lawsuit’s success) occurred.

Can an attorney challenge a lien?

In order for an attorney to succeed in a lien application, he must be able to demonstrate that his work contributed substantially to your case – so if you feel that his representation and/or subsequent withdrawal actually harmed your case, you may be able to challenge his lien and his right to receive any payment .

Can a former attorney retain my file?

If, however, your contract dictates that you are responsible for part of the litigation expenses regardless of how the case ends, your former attorney may be able to retain your file until your portion of the expenses is paid.

Why did the court err in the amount of damages awarded in connection with the derivative breach of fiduciary

First, the Court held: Defendant further contends that the court erred in the amount of damages awarded in connection with the derivative breach of fiduciary duty cause of action, on which liability had previously been imposed, because there was no showing that the LLC was harmed by his misconduct.

How did Pooler breach his fiduciary duties?

In the first of two rulings that are the focus of this article, the court ruled that Pooler breached his fiduciary duties by entering into undocumented self-dealing transactions with a separate entity of which he was principal, Pooler Enterprises.

What is the principle of disgorgement?

The principle that courts may award disgorgement of compensation or profits for breach of fiduciary duty is ancient. Most often, disgorgement is seen in connection with the “faithless servant doctrine,” under which an agent who is disloyal to his or her principal is subject to equitable forfeiture of all compensation from the date of the agent’s first disloyal act. As the appeals court noted in Howard, the most succinct expression of the doctrine comes from Excelsior, which held that “where claims of self-dealing and divided loyalty are presented, a fiduciary may be required to disgorge any ill-gotten gain even where the plaintiff has sustained no direct economic loss.” In the business divorce arena, where allegations or disloyalty and self-dealing are the norm, the potential for disgorgement can be a mighty weapon indeed.

How long is a breach of fiduciary duty in New York?

If the claim seeks solely money damages, the limitations period is three years.

What is Section 626 E?

Section 626 (e) of the Business Corporation Law, a statute that has been followed In cases involving LLCs, authorizes courts to award attorneys’ fees to litigants who are “successful, in whole or in part” prosecuting derivative claims. But the statute does not specify who pays the fees.

Who was the judge in the Pooler case?

In 2017, the parties tried the case over a week of testimony in a bench trial before Justice Rosenbaum, as a result of which the Court in 2018 issued a decision and order which ultimately led to Pooler’s appeal.

Is Pooler Enterprises entitled to overhead?

Pooler is not entitled to the overhead and profit charged by Pooler Enterprises. In the court’s second ruling, it held: Howard seeks the reimbursement of attorneys’ fees in connection with the derivative claims. The Court agrees and damages in that regard are granted.

What is the role of the board of directors in Florida?

The corporate board of directors has well-established fiduciary duties to the corporation and its shareholders. Recent cases against directors for breach of fiduciary duty increasingly focus on allegations of failure to act in good faith predicated on inaction and lack of oversight and allegations of lack of independence. This article discusses the changing legal standards and expectations for directors of Florida corporations and provides practical guidance for counsel regarding how to advise directors to reduce the risk of suit.

What is the Florida Business Corporation Act?

The Florida Business Corporation Act, F.S. §607.0830 (2) , authorizes directors to rely on information, opinions, and reports provided by corporate officers and employees and legal counsel, public accountant, and other experts, so long as the directors reasonably and in good faith believe them to be reliable and competent .

Why do directors consider controversial decisions at more than one meeting?

Directors may find it desirable to consider potentially controversial decisions at more than one meeting in order to strengthen the argument that adequate deliberation occurred. Interestedness. The concept of director interestedness comes into play during a potential conflict of interest situation.

What is bad faith in a director?

Directors’ knowing failure to undertake their responsibilities constitutes bad faith, which constitutes a breach of their duty of loyalty. In the final analysis, however, the outside director’s fundamental duty remains to exercise informed, independent business judgment to manage the business and affairs of the corporation in a manner ...

What is the business judgment rule?

23 The business judgment rule is a standard of judicial review for director conduct, not a description of a duty or a standard for determining whether a breach of duty has occurred . The rule is applied to determine whether the ...

What is director independence?

The concept of director independence has recently received increased attention in the context of both the applicability of the business judgment rule and the authority of independent directors to terminate a potential shareholder derivative action.

Retaining Liens

In Florida, the case file your attorney builds as he works on your case – containing your attorney’s notes, investigation reports, expert opinion summaries, and other potential evidence vital to your case – is considered to be your attorney’s property.

Charging Liens

Another common type of attorney lien is known as a charging lien, which allows your attorney to claim a portion of the future settlement or judgment in your case.

What is breach of fiduciary duty?

Breach of fiduciary duty occurs when someone has a responsibility to act in the interests of another person and fails to do so. There are four breach of fiduciary duty elements.

What is a fiduciary relationship?

One of the most common fiduciary relationships is that of agent and principal. An agent can be anyone who takes on a responsibility to act on another’s behalf. They have a fiduciary duty to further the interests of the principal and not act contrary to those interests. Employees are considered agents of their employer, who is the principal.

What is the fiduciary duty of a board of directors?

No matter how the board of directors is comprised, its members have a fiduciary duty to act in the interests of the company’s shareholders. A parallel duty applies to managing members of an LLC to act on behalf of all other members. Many of the same types of breaches that occur in the partnership context can also occur with members of a board ...

What are some examples of agents breaching a duty to a principal?

Common examples of an agent breaching a duty to a principal include: Profiting at the employer’s expense. If you hire someone to work for you, you should be able to rely on them to act in your best interests. If they fail to do so, you may be able to recover for any resulting damages.

What are some examples of breaches of a partnership?

Additional examples include: Preventing shareholders from exercising their voting rights; Denying shareholders access to records; Refusing to pay dividends; Voting unreasonable compensation for themselves; and.

What happens if you refuse to pay dividends?

If the board of directors or individual board members have breached a fiduciary duty to the shareholders, the shareholders can bring a lawsuit to protect their interests.

What happens when you breach trust?

When someone breaches that trust, it can be very costly for your business as well as you as an individual.

Elements of Breach of Fiduciary Duty

Does A Fiduciary Relationship Exist?

Breach of Fiduciary Duty

  • Next, the oppressed member must outline what constitutes breach of that fiduciary duty. In other words, what does the duty encompass in the context of controlling members and managers of an LLC? A majority shareholder breaches his fiduciary duty by taking a personal benefit or advantage not also enjoyed by minority shareholders. Cohen v. Hattaway, 595 So. 2d 105, 107 (Fla. 5th DC…
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Making Distributions

  • In the context of managing an LLC, allowing distributions that render the company insolvent is a breach of fiduciary duty. Official Comm. of Unsecured Creditors of Toy King Distribs. v. Liberty Sav. Bank, FSB (In re Toy King Distribs.), 256 B.R. 1, 167 (Bankr. M.D. Fla. 2000). Further, employment of any “squeeze-out techniques” by majority shareholders may give rise to claims o…
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Calculating Damages

  • Under Florida law, a member of an LLC may bring a breach of fiduciary duty claim for money damages against another member or managing member for wrongfully retaining revenues and profits of the LLC. Foster-Thompson, LLC v. Thompson, 2007 U.S. Dist. LEXIS 43206, 2007 WL 1725198, at *26 (M.D. Fla. June 14, 2007); Merovich, 911 So.2d at 128. For breac...
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Conclusion

  • While the parameters of the fiduciary relationship within an LLC may often be undefinable, the relationship itself is likely created when a majority member or manager exerts discretionary power over the interests of minority members. The relationship may arise expressly, through contracts and statutes, or may be implied under the specific circumstances of the parties’ relationship, whi…
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Facts

  • Howard and Pooler formed Archer Rd. Vista LLC (the “LLC”) to develop a residential subdivision on 300 acres of land in the Town of Chili. They planned to develop the land into approved vacant lots to sell to builders who would then construct homes on the land. The LLC had a written operating agreement, according to which the two members had equal voting rights though they …
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The Underlying Orders

  • In 2016, former Commercial Division Justice Matthew A. Rosenbaum issued a decision and order granting Howard partial summary judgment on the issue of liability on his derivative claims for breach of contract, breach of fiduciary duty, and accounting. The court ordered a trial on damages as to those causes of action and on liability for the remainin...
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The Appeal

  • Pooler appealed Justice Rosenbaum’s post-trial rulings. You can read the parties’ principal appeal briefs here, here, and here. Pooler tucked away his arguments about the Court’s alleged errors regarding disgorgement and attorneys’ fees as the last two points of his brief. In its Memorandum and Order, the Appellate Division affirmed in part and reversed in part these two holdings. First, t…
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Disgorgement of Ill-Gotten Gains

  • The principle that courts may award disgorgement of compensation or profits for breach of fiduciary duty is ancient. Most often, disgorgement is seen in connection with the “faithless servant doctrine,” under which an agent who is disloyal to his or her principal is subject to equitable forfeiture of all compensation from the date of the agent’s first disloyal act. As the app…
See more on jdsupra.com

Attorneys’ Fees Pursuing Derivative Fiduciary Duty Claims

  • Section 626 (e) of the Business Corporation Law, a statute that has been followed In cases involving LLCs, authorizes courts to award attorneys’ fees to litigants who are “successful, in whole or in part” prosecuting derivative claims. But the statute does not specify who pays the fees. One could make a solid argument that the tortfeasor — the one who caused all the harm — …
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