client decides what to plead, not lawyer

by Ivah Harber 10 min read

At times the defendant proceeds to trial with no defense, despite the lawyer’s advice. It is the client’s choice at that stage. “A trial is a right that belongs to the client, not the lawyer.

Full Answer

When does a lawyer advise a client to plead guilty?

If the evidence against the client is extremely strong and their lawyer believes as a result of the evidence that a conviction is certain, then the lawyer should advise their client to plead guilty. In practice, this is best done after the lawyer has listened to the client’s side of the story for two reasons.

Who decides whether or not a client is guilty or not?

That role belongs to a judge or jury, as the case may be. Assuming that no evidence is excluded from the trial, the judge or jury reaching the verdict will have all the evidence that the lawyer has to decide for themselves whether or not the client is guilty.

What is a lawyer’s obligation to the client?

A lawyer has a moral obligation to give each client the best representation possible. Also, because of confidentiality, the lawyer may not report the client or in any way act as if knowing that the client is guilty. Many law students struggle with this question. In fact, a good professor of criminal law requires the students to address it.

Can a defense attorney reveal a crime to a client?

So: If the client admits to the crime to the defense attorney in confidence, the defense attorney cannot reveal that to anyone at all.

Can a lawyer go against their clients wishes?

Regardless of the reasons, when your lawyer goes against your wishes, it can constitute legal malpractice. Your lawyer has an obligation to represent your interests, even if you choose a legal option that he or she believes is not the best choice.

Can a lawyer lie if they know their client is guilty?

There are standards in place to keep lawyers honest: they cannot lie if they do know information pertaining to their client's legal guilt, and they also cannot offer evidence they know is false. But attorney-client privilege does protect communication between attorneys and clients.

Should a lawyer abide by the clients decisions in all matters of representation?

A lawyer shall abide by a client's decision whether to settle a matter. Except as otherwise provided by law in a criminal case, the lawyer shall abide by the client's decision, after consultation with the lawyer, as to a plea to be entered, whether to waive jury trial and whether the client will testify.

Can a lawyer lie to defend his client?

Everyone knows that lawyers are not allowed to lie — to clients, courts or third parties. But once you get beyond deliberate false statements, the scope of the obligations to truth and integrity become less clear.

What should you not say to a lawyer?

Five things not to say to a lawyer (if you want them to take you..."The Judge is biased against me" Is it possible that the Judge is "biased" against you? ... "Everyone is out to get me" ... "It's the principle that counts" ... "I don't have the money to pay you" ... Waiting until after the fact.

Can a lawyer betray their client?

There are some extremely accomplished lawyers who have a reputation for taking cases that appear to be certain losers and turning them into winners. Those lawyers might lose more cases than the typical successful trial lawyer but their reputation will not be diminished. Every trial lawyer loses.

What are the four responsibilities of lawyers?

It describes the sources and broad definitions of lawyers' four responsibilities: duties to clients and stakeholders; duties to the legal system; duties to one's own institution; and duties to the broader society.

What are the duties of a lawyer to his client?

As advisor, a lawyer provides a client with an informed understanding of the client's legal rights and obligations and explains their practical implications. As advocate, a lawyer zealously asserts the client's position under the rules of the adversary system.

Can an attorney refuse to represent a client?

CANON 14 - A LAWYER SHALL NOT REFUSE HIS SERVICES TO THE NEEDY. Rule 14.01 - A lawyer shall not decline to represent a person solely on account of the latter's race, sex. creed or status of life, or because of his own opinion regarding the guilt of said person.

What is unethical for a lawyer?

Attorney misconduct may include: conflict of interest, overbilling, refusing to represent a client for political or professional motives, false or misleading statements, knowingly accepting worthless lawsuits, hiding evidence, abandoning a client, failing to disclose all relevant facts, arguing a position while ...

What if your client admits guilt?

If your client confesses you are generally under no obligation to present that information to the court. Rather, you are duty-bound by attorney-client privilege to protect your client's statements and to provide a proper legal defense.

How do you defend a guilty client?

4:4610:22Representing Guilty Clients: How do defense lawyers sleep at night?YouTubeStart of suggested clipEnd of suggested clipDeal then you have to take the lead from the client. And do what the client. Wants you to do let'sMoreDeal then you have to take the lead from the client. And do what the client. Wants you to do let's say the client's 100 guilty.

What is the role of a defense attorney in communicating plea bargains?

To enforce this right, defense attorneys are ethically required to: relay the prosecutor's offer to accept a particular plea to their client.

What did the defendant object to the lawyer telling the jury?

The defendant objected to the lawyer telling the jury that he committed the acts in question and, when testifying, claimed that he was innocent. At the trial's penalty phase, the lawyer again acknowledged his client's guilt but asked for mercy in light of the man's mental and emotional issues.

What happens if Randy pleads guilty to assault?

One day, Randy's lawyer phones him to say that he's worked out a good deal with the prosecutor: If Randy pleads guilty (or nolo contendere) to simple assault, the prosecutor will recommend that Randy be given a sentence of time served (the jail time he already served while waiting to make bail), and a small fine.

What is the right to know before making a decision?

Before making an important decision, a defendant is entitled to know what alternatives are reasonably available and, as far as can be predicted, the likely consequences of each. For example, assume that the defendant is charged with assault with a deadly weapon. The defense attorney tells the defendant, "The prosecutor is willing to accept a guilty plea to simple assault and recommend a sentence of six months in county jail and a fine of $500. The decision is yours—what do you want to do?"

What does "relay the prosecutor's offer" mean?

relay the prosecutor's offer to accept a particular plea to their client. It doesn't matter if the defense attorney believes that the defendant's offer won't be accepted or the prosecutor's offer is unacceptable.

Can Denise get a fair trial?

Unless attorney-client communications have broken down to such an extent that Denise cannot get a fair trial, the judge will probably refuse to appoint a new attorney. Talk to a Lawyer. Start here to find criminal defense lawyers near you. Practice Area.

Can a lawyer go along with a client's refusal to admit guilt?

The U.S. Supreme Court said that a lawyer has to go along with a client's refusal to admit guilt, even when the lawyer reasonably thinks admitting guilt is in the client's best interests . (Note, however, that defense lawyers generally have a duty to avoid suborning perjury .)

Communicating Plea Bargains

Like the decision about whether to go to trial, defendants are entitled to decide whether to offer or accept plea bargains. To enforce this right, defense attorneys are ethically required to:

Deciding Whether to Plead

Before making an important decision, a defendant is entitled to know what alternatives are reasonably available and, as far as can be predicted, the likely consequences of each. For example, assume that the defendant is charged with assault with a deadly weapon.

What is the rule for a lawyer?

Rule 1.03: A lawyer shall keep a client reasonably informed about the status of a matter and promptly comply with reasonable requests for information. A lawyer shall explain a matter to a client so that the client can make informed decisions about representation. First, you have an obligation and a duty to your client.

What to do if the prosecutor makes an offer?

If the prosecutor has made an offer, you must relay that offer to your client. You must also explain the offer sufficiently for your client to determine whether or not to proceed to trial or accept a plea offer. It is imperative that you not only convey offers and discuss whether to proceed to trial but also consult with the client ...

What is Rule 1.02?

Rule 1.02: A lawyer shall abide by a client’s decisions in a criminal case, after consulting with the lawyer, as to a plea to be entered, whether to waive a jury trial, and whether the client will testify. Rule 1.02 Comment 2: A lawyer shall disclose offers to settle (proposed plea bargain offers in criminal cases).

Is there a constitutional bar for a judge to accept a plea of innocence?

Alford, 400 U.S. 25 (1970) that there is no constitutional bar prevent ing a judge from accepting a plea where a defendant maintains his innocence while admitting that the prosecution has enough evidence to convince a jury beyond a reasonable doubt that he is guilty. Thus, his plea stands regardless of his stance that he is innocent.

Can a judge accept a plea of guilty?

While a judge does not have to accept any plea of guilty (thereby forcing a trial wherein the client could plead guilty to the jury), the judge can accept a plea even where the defendant asserts innocence. The Supreme Court held in North Carolina v.

Can a client plead not guilty?

He may plead guilty or not guilty. That decision is his and his alone. You should advise him as to the consequences of his plea, but the decision to enter a plea rests solely with the informed client. Outside the Rules, you must consider the plea itself. Remember, the client maintains his innocence, yet he wishes to enter a guilty plea ...

Can you enter an Alford plea?

This is typically referred to as an “Alford plea.”. So to answer our original question, the answer is simply you can most likely allow your client to enter a plea of guilty (to a judge or jury) despite the fact he maintains his innocence. Once the client is fully informed, the decision of the plea to enter (guilty or not guilty) ...

Why does the prosecutor want to avoid a trial?

The client’s preference is to avoid a trial if at all possible because he doesn’t want the public spectacle and humiliation, and the client is risk averse and is seriously tempted to take the offer regardless of the facts.

What is the most important work a criminal defense lawyer ever does?

For even the busiest of trial lawyers, some of the most important work a criminal defense lawyer ever does is entirely off the record, confidential, and never subject to scrutiny by any oversight authority except the lawyer’s own client.

What is distributive justice in criminal law?

Criminal lawyers often think of the objectives of representation in terms of distributive justice, that is, the result—the verdicts and sentences handed down. The client’s autonomy interest, however, extends far beyond the realm of distributive justice and may, in fact, have nothing to do with distributive justice at all.

Do lawyers use their consciences as their touchstones?

And just as lawyers must use their own consciences as the touchstone for guiding their actions, so too must clients use their own consciences as their touchstones.

Is a defense counsel a client's alter ego?

In addition to Texas rules in accord, the ABA Criminal Justice Standards for the Defense Function also make clear, “Defense counsel is the client’s professional representative, not the client’s alter-ego. Defense counsel should act zealously within the bounds of the law and standards on behalf of their clients, but have no duty to, and may not, ...

Does a criminal defense lawyer have power?

All of this does not mean that a criminal defense lawyer has no power over representation decisions. In the role of advocate, the lawyer controls trial management matters. The Supreme Court recognizes that ceding some power to the trial lawyer is “a practical necessity.

Is plead guilty a binary choice?

We would all do well to remember that the choice on how to plead is not a binary choice of guilty or not guilty. And the choice to admit guilt or concede guilt is a separate and distinct choice from the decision to plead, and it is no less protected by the Constitution. Justice Ginsberg made clear in McCoy v.

What is the job of a defense counsel?

The public often fails to understand that when it is clear the client is guilty of committing a crime, the job of defense counsel is to be sure the actual charge fits the crime, and that the sentence imposed is reasonable. “In most jurisdictions, less than 5 percent of all charged criminal cases ever go to trial.

Can a defendant go to trial without a defense?

At times the defendant proceeds to trial with no defense, despite the lawyer’s advice. It is the client’s choice at that stage. “A trial is a right that belongs to the client, not the lawyer. Trying a hopeless case is not a situation most lawyers want to be in.

When advising the client to plead guilty, would the lawyer need to explain the basis of their opinion to the client

It is after all their decision, not the lawyer’s.

Who decides whether a client is guilty or not?

That role belongs to a judge or jury, as the case may be. Assuming that no evidence is excluded from the trial, the judge or jury reaching the verdict will have all the evidence that the lawyer has to decide for themselves whether or not the client is guilty. If the lawyer refuses to act for a client because they believe they are guilty, ...

What are the rules for lawyers in Australia?

Nevertheless, in Australia there are clear rules for lawyers in this situation. Client confidentiality. One important rule that applies is client confidentiality. Even if a client confesses to the lawyer, the lawyer is still bound by confidentiality to not disclose that communication to others. If the lawyer is ever called as a witness in court ...

Why is it ethical to defend a client who the lawyer knows or believes is guilty?

The first reason why it is perfectly ethical to defend a client who the lawyer knows or believes is guilty is that the lawyer is not the person whose role it is to decide whether or not the client is guilty. As Johnathan Goldberg has said, “a defending advocate is not there to stand in judgment upon his own client”.

What happens if a client takes the advice of a lawyer?

If the client takes the advice, then the lawyer has acted in the client’s best interests even though they have been convicted on their own plea. Of course, the interests of justice will also have been furthered in that a guilty person will have been convicted and a trial will have been avoided. However, if the client listens to ...

What if a lawyer was wrong in their belief that the client was guilty?

Furthermore, what if the lawyer was wrong in their belief that the client was guilty, but continued to act for them and let that belief influence how well they defended the client? Then if the client was convicted, the lawyer would be at least partly responsible for a great injustice. Furthermore, whilst the client can appeal a judge or jury’s decision, if the lawyer decided their client was guilty and let that affect their performance, that would not be a ground for appeal unless that could somehow be proven (which in practice may be very hard to do). It would be extremely improper and dangerous for a lawyer to engage in such hubris.

What happens if you lose client confidentiality?

Weakening client confidentiality could result in innocent people being convicted, or mitigating facts not being raised during sentence. Duty to not mislead the court. Notwithstanding client confidentiality, if the client admitted his or her guilt to the lawyer, the obligation to not mislead the court would still apply.