a good time to use a lawyer is when you appear in small claims court.

No attorney is needed to take a claim to small claims court. you just show up with your evidence on the date of the hearing. You typically have a right to representation by a lawyer, but some states require that you appear on your own, including Michigan, Nebraska, and California. How to File a Claim in Small Claims Court filo / Getty Images

Full Answer

Do I need a lawyer in Small Claims Court?

Many states do not allow parties to be represented by lawyers in small claims court. One of the main advantages of small claims cases is informality and inexpensiveness, so bringing a lawyer can defeat the purpose. Some states do allow attorneys but may have additional rules and procedures on parties that choose to be represented.

Do I need an attorney to go to court?

If you are a legal adult (usually over 18 years old) or a legally emancipated minor, then you can go to court. You do not need an attorney to file a claim or start a lawsuit.

How long does it take to hear a small claims case?

You lent money to a friend, and he or she refuses to re-pay it. In most small claims courts, cases are heard within 30–40 days after filing the plaintiff ’s claim, but they are never set for earlier than 20 days or more than 70 days after the claim is filed.

How does Small Claims Court work?

Small claims court is designed to help small business owners and individual citizens take a simple, small dollar amount case to court without having to pay costly legal fees and high court costs. While the small claims court process may be easy, getting the money if you win the judgment is not always...

How long does a small claims claim take to be filed?

This means you will need to assess the problem and file the claim at your local court within two years of the day the problem occurred.

What is small claims court?

Small claims court is where anyone can bring a civil case in front of a local judge if it is under a certain amount of money. It provides relatively fast resolution to disputes at a low cost. This option is good for people who cannot afford an attorney or who believe their case is simple. The court process is simplified on purpose, ...

What happens if you win a court case?

If you won the court judgment or money judgment, your battle might not be over yet. Some people will refuse to pay you, or they may need a payment plan. The courts will not help you get the money you won.

How to win a lawsuit if you don't fight back?

Have a court date set and serve the other person with the claim (in some cases, you may have to tell them about the court date yourself) Wait for the other side to answer you (if they do not fight back before the court date, you will automatically win) Once you actually go to court, you can expect to:

What to do after a jury trial?

After the case concludes, you will: Hear the final result (called a "court judgment") or receive a "money judgment" by certified mail.

Can you appeal a court case if you don't like the outcome?

Follow the judge's instructions to return personal property, pay fines, be paid a settlement, or other retribution , or file an appeal if you do not like the outcome of the case. Appeals often need to be filed quickly, so it is in your best interest to file the appeal right away.

Is small claims court simplified?

The court process is simplified on purpose, so people without a legal education can understand what to do. You will likely have a fighting chance in small claims court if your case is straightforward.

The Purpose of Small Claims Court

Small claims court is designed to bring a quick resolution to legal disputes at a relatively low cost to the litigants. You can bring your civil, not criminal, case in front of a local judge to decide on the merits of the case. Small claims court cases must be under a specific dollar amount, which varies state by state.

Using a Small Claims Attorney vs. DIY

When deciding whether to hire a small claims attorney or represent yourself, you need to carefully weigh the costs and benefits. If you represent yourself, you can typically keep your court costs at $200 or less. That’s the upside.

After the Court Judgment

Let’s say that you ultimately win your small claims court case. The judge awards you a money judgment, ruling that the defendant owes you the sum of money that you were asking for in your pleadings. That still doesn’t mean or guarantee that the other party will voluntarily pay you, even with the judgment in place.

What is small claims court?

You may want to make a point, but small claims court isn't about punishing people or making points - it's about the facts of who owes what to whom. Being realistic about your expectations can help you get through the process without tearing your hair out.

What does "I will take you to court" mean?

Updated November 20, 2019. When someone says, "I will take you to court," they probably mean small claims court. And, yes, Judge Judy and the People's Court are examples of this type of court, although most judges aren't as flamboyant. Before you file a case against someone -- or if you receive a summons to appear in court -- understand exactly ...

What happens if you don't appear in court?

If you don't appear, the judge will almost certainly rule against you. When you file your complaint, the clerk will write the date of the hearing on the paperwork.

How to collect money if you win a small claims court case?

How to Collect Your Money if You Win. If you lose in small claims court, you can usually file an appeal. Keep in mind, however, that an appeal isn't just a chance to present the same case all over again. You must offer new information or evidence to support your claim that the judge ruled in error.

What happens when you take someone to court?

When you take someone to court, you may have expectations about how the process will go. Most of our expectations come from TV shows like The People's Court, and Law and Order. But real courtrooms aren't like that. You may think you have a good case, but anything can happen - and often does.

How to file a small claims claim?

Filing a claim in small claims court is designed to be an easy process. Go to your county's civil courthouse and talk to the clerk of the court there. Many courts offer document forms that you can fill out with information specific to your case and file -- usually a complaint and a summons. A filing fee is usually required.

What is the exception to the small claims rule in California?

The only exception to this rule is if the action is by or against the attorney as an individual, by or against a partnership in which all the partners are attorneys, or by or against a professional corporation where all the officers and directors are attorneys.

Can a company be represented in small claims court?

You're absolutely right. The company cannot be represented by an attorney in small claims court, even if the attorney is considered to be "in-house." (Unless, of course, the company is a law firm where all the partners/principals are attorneys, but since you didn't say that, I assume that's not the case.)

Can a company be represented by an attorney?

The company cannot be represented by an attorney at the hearing, but they can be represented by an attorney before the hearing. The company can use an attorney to evaluate their case, draft a trial brief and negotiate with you by sending letters, which is what it sounds like you received. You can do this too. In fact, it is advisable to have an attorney review, evaluate and help you prepare your case if there is more than...

What is a small claims court?

Small claims court is designed to help small business owners and individual citizens take a simple, small dollar amount case to court without having to pay costly legal fees and high court costs. While the small claims court process may be easy, getting the money if you win the judgment is not always a sure thing.

Why is it important to show up for a trial?

Most Important, Show up for the Trial. It is the best way to ensure your success in getting your claim paid. You would be surprised how many defendants don't appear for small claims court. In these cases, the judge almost always awards you (the plaintiff) the judgment.

What is a counterclaim in court?

A plaintiff (claimant) files a statement of claim to the court and pays filing fees. The defendant (person being sued) receives a summons, an order to appear in court at a specific day and time. Defendants may file counterclaims. 1. At the hearing, both parties present their case, and the small claims judge issues a judgment (legal opinion).

Can small claims be used in arbitration?

Small claims courts may only be used if the claim is under a specific dollar amount, which varies by state . Amounts owed in excess of this limit must be taken to other courts or taken to arbitration. To find the dollar limit in your state, search on "small claims [state name].".

Can you get a judgment from a small claims court?

Getting a judgment from a small claims court doesn't mean you will be paid. You may have to get a lien on the debtor's property or a garnishment of wages. In Florida, for example, you may be able to get the sheriff in your county to seize property, (usually not the person's home) to pay off creditors. 2 .

Why do you take your case to a small claims court?

The possible downside to small claims court is the lack of attorney representation.

What is a small claims court?

Small claims courts are courts of "limited jurisdiction," meaning that they can only hear specific types of cases. Most small claims courts can only hear civil cases involving small amounts of money, usually around $10,000 or less. You'll need to check with your county and state to determine the limits for your case.

What is a court hearing?

There is a court hearing where they speak directly to the judge. Both sides present evidence and make arguments. The judge issues a verdict. The judge will read the plaintiff's claim and the defendant's answer, hear both sides of the case on the hearing date, and render a verdict reasonably quickly.

Can a small claims court be represented by a lawyer?

Many states do not allow parties to be represented by lawyers in small claims court. One of the main advantages of small claims cases is informality and inexpensiveness, so bringing a lawyer can defeat the purpose.

Can you appeal a small claims verdict?

You can appeal a small claim's verdict in most states. The process and your rights to the appeal will vary depending on your state laws. You should look into your state laws for: Anyone wishing to appeal a small claims case should consult their state's laws to determine what rights they have to an appeal, if any.

Can a small claims court hear a civil case?

Small claims courts can hear most types of civil court cases, such as: Most small claims courts do not hear: Practically anyone can bring a small claims court case or be sued in small claims court, including individuals, large corporations, and small businesses. For cases that could win a dollar amount over $10,000, ...

How long does it take to hear a small claims case?

In most small claims courts, cases are heard within 30–40 days after filing the plaintiff ’s claim, but they are never set for earlier than 20 days or more than 70 days after the claim is filed. Most cases are heard on weekdays, but some courts also schedule evening and Saturday sessions.

What is a small claims court?

Small claims court is a special court where disputes are resolved quickly and inexpensively. In small claims court, the rules are simplified and the hearing is informal. Attorneys are generally not allowed. The person who files the claim is called the plaintiff. The person against whom the claim is filed against is called the defendant.

What is the most challenging part of a lawsuit?

Collecting a court judgment is one of the most challenging and frustrating aspects of any lawsuit. The person who is obligated to pay the judgment may not have the money to pay it, or may simply refuse to pay it. Enforcement procedures are available, but these require extra effort and also money on your part.

How many lawsuits can a small claims court take?

They can bring more than two lawsuits over $2,500 in a calendar year. The fee for filing in small claims court depends on the amount ...

Who enforces small claims court orders?

Otherwise, small claims courts may order a defendant to do or not to do something only when expressly authorized by statute (i.e, an order preventing an unlawful phone solicitation). The sheriff ’s department usually is the one who enforces those orders.

Can a representative be an attorney?

The representative may not be an attorney or person whose only job is to represent the party in small claims court. An attorney may appear to represent a law firms as long as that attorney is a general partner of the law firm or is an officer of the corporation.

Can a business sue an individual in small claims court?

With certain exceptions, anyone can sue or be sued in small claims court. Generally, all parties must represent themselves. An individual can sue another individual or a business. A business, in turn, can sue an individual or another business.